participle: translation tips
The advanced section in Bible GT presents a translation tip alongside each participle.
Here are the translation tips for participles:
---
Does an article occur with the participle?
- If an article is present, a participle always functions as an adjective.
- If an article is absent, a participle usually functions as an adverb; check the context (consider what the participle describes).
The time of a participle is relative to the main verb.
- For example, an aorist participle describes action that occurred some time before the action of the main verb.
Does a "to be" verb occur with the participle?
- If both a "to be" verb plus a participle occur together, understand and translate as a single unit.
---
Aorist participle
- Usually action in the past, relative to the main verb
aorist active participle
- adv: after ...g | having ...d
- adj: an after-...g one / who after ...g
- adj: a having ...d one / who having ...d
aorist middle-passive participle
- adv middle: after ...g | having ...d
- adv passive: after being ...d | having been ...d
- adj middle: an after-...g one / who after ...g
- adj middle: a having ...d one / who having ...d
- adj passive: an after being ...d one / who after being ...d
- adj passive: a having been ...d one / who having been ...d
---
Perfect participle
- Usually completed action in the past, relative to the main verb
- With effects happening at the same time as the main verb
perfect active participle
- adv: having ...d | adj: a having-...d one / who has ...d
perfect middle-passive participle
- adv middle: having ...d | passive: having been ...d
- adj middle: a having-...d one / who has ...d
- adj passive: a having-been-...d one / who has been ...d
---
Present participle
- Usually action which happens at the same time as the main verb
- And so, as an adverb, it conveys the sense of "while" or "because."
present active participle
- adv: ...g | adj: a ...g one / who ...
present middle-passive participle
- adv middle: ...g | passive: being ...d
- adj middle: a ...g one / who ...
- adj passive: a being-...d one / who being ...d
---
Future participle
- Action in the future, relative to the main verb
future active participle
- adv: will be ...g | adj: a will-be-...g one / who will be ...g
future middle-passive participle
- adv middle: will be ...g | passive: will be being ...d
- adj middle: a will-be-...g one / who will be ...g
- adj passive: a will-be-being-...d one / who will be being ...d
---
©2015 TheBible.org All rights reserved worldwide.
The advanced section in Bible GT presents a translation tip alongside each participle.
Here are the translation tips for participles:
---
Does an article occur with the participle?
- If an article is present, a participle always functions as an adjective.
- If an article is absent, a participle usually functions as an adverb; check the context (consider what the participle describes).
The time of a participle is relative to the main verb.
- For example, an aorist participle describes action that occurred some time before the action of the main verb.
Does a "to be" verb occur with the participle?
- If both a "to be" verb plus a participle occur together, understand and translate as a single unit.
---
Aorist participle
- Usually action in the past, relative to the main verb
aorist active participle
- adv: after ...g | having ...d
- adj: an after-...g one / who after ...g
- adj: a having ...d one / who having ...d
aorist middle-passive participle
- adv middle: after ...g | having ...d
- adv passive: after being ...d | having been ...d
- adj middle: an after-...g one / who after ...g
- adj middle: a having ...d one / who having ...d
- adj passive: an after being ...d one / who after being ...d
- adj passive: a having been ...d one / who having been ...d
---
Perfect participle
- Usually completed action in the past, relative to the main verb
- With effects happening at the same time as the main verb
perfect active participle
- adv: having ...d | adj: a having-...d one / who has ...d
perfect middle-passive participle
- adv middle: having ...d | passive: having been ...d
- adj middle: a having-...d one / who has ...d
- adj passive: a having-been-...d one / who has been ...d
---
Present participle
- Usually action which happens at the same time as the main verb
- And so, as an adverb, it conveys the sense of "while" or "because."
present active participle
- adv: ...g | adj: a ...g one / who ...
present middle-passive participle
- adv middle: ...g | passive: being ...d
- adj middle: a ...g one / who ...
- adj passive: a being-...d one / who being ...d
---
Future participle
- Action in the future, relative to the main verb
future active participle
- adv: will be ...g | adj: a will-be-...g one / who will be ...g
future middle-passive participle
- adv middle: will be ...g | passive: will be being ...d
- adj middle: a will-be-...g one / who will be ...g
- adj passive: a will-be-being-...d one / who will be being ...d
---
©2015 TheBible.org All rights reserved worldwide.
